m.
This early waking does not necessarily indicate poor sleep—it often reflects a shift in biological timing. Retirement, reduced daily structure, and less exposure to bright daylight can accentuate this pattern, as the body relies more heavily on internal cues than external schedules.
Hormonal and Physical Factors
Beyond melatonin, other hormonal changes can influence sleep patterns:
- Cortisol: The “stress hormone” can peak earlier in the morning in older adults, nudging the brain awake.
- Growth hormone: Reduced secretion at night can affect deep sleep stages, contributing to lighter, more fragmented sleep.
